Escherichia ⇒ Escherichia coli {10000115} Record Keys Parent:Escherichia Definition:Escherichia coli Details Initialisation date:2019-06-23 LinksSource Meta Information Rank: Species Domain: Bacteria Zone:[ ] Enzyme:[ ] Function:Pro-inflamatory Notes: - AICE (type of E. Coli ) may deteriorate or cause Gut lumen inflammation (Crohn’s disease) by using fucose and converting it to propionate.Shared Reference Notes [1.1] - AIEC bacteria uses 1,2-propanediol, a byproduct of the breakdown of fucose that is found in the lining of the intestines. - AIEC bacteria converts 1,2-propanediol to propionate. [1.2] [#Crohn’s disease] [#Fecal Microbiota Transplantation] - Comprehensive overview of functional dysbiosis in the gut microbiome during IBD activity showed increases in facultative anaerobes, such as E. coli which correlates with inflammation status, and decreases in obligate anaerobes, such as #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and #Roseburia hominis -The results of the present study confirmed decreases in the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, increases in Enterobacteriaceae, Pasteurellaceae, and Veillonellaceae and the presence of Fusobacterium in stool samples of CD patients. - #Butyrate-producing bacteria are depleted in IBD patients, and probiotic treatment with these bacteria has therapeutic potential. - A higher proportion of #Lachnospiraceae in donor stool was associated with a higher success rate of FMT, and recipients that responded to FMT exhibited increases in #Butyrate-producing #Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae. - The reduced SCFA levels in patients with IBD result from lower abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, especially those of the phylum Firmicutes. - #Butyrate can act as an energy source for normal colon epithelial cells, promoting their proliferation, but can also inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis. [1.3] [#Food emulsifiers] - Emulsifiers, widely used in processed food to improve food appearance, texture, and palatability due to their intrinsic properties. Emulsifiers affect the gut microbiota, disrupt the mucosal barrier, and promote inflammation; in mice models, they induce metabolic syndrome, colitis, and translocation of Escherichia coli. [1.4] [#Anorexia nervosa] - Bacterial chaperone protein Escherichia coli caseinolytic protease B (ClpB) and food-derived antigens were recently described to trigger the production of autoantibodies cross-reacting with appetite-regulating hormones and neurotransmitters. [1.5] [#Inflamatory bowel disease] - Patients with IBD typically have a far less diverse intestinal microbiota than healthy people, as well as an increase in pro-inflammatory bacteria like Enterobacteriaceae, especially E. coli and #Fusobacterium. - At the same time, bacteria that generate butyrate, an essential molecule for intestinal and immune health, are declining [1.6] [#Inflamatory bowel disease] - Seven bacterial species correlated with expression levels of Th17 effector cytokines, IL-17A and IL-17F. - The seven associated species include #Ruminococcus gnavus, Escherichia coli, #Lachnospiraceae bacterium, #Clostridium hathewayi, #Bacteroides faecis, #Bacteroides vulgatus, and #Akkermansia muciniphila. All of the species were positively associated with IL-17A/ IL-17F except #Akkermansia muciniphila, suggesting these species are proinflammatory, while #Akkermansia muciniphila is anti-inflammatory. [1.7] [#High Fat Diet] - A high-fat diet impairs mitochondrial uptake of oxygen into host enterocytes and elevates nitrate in the mucus, which in turn weakens healthy anaerobic gut function. Facultative anaerobes such as the pathobiont Escherichia coli become dominant, which leads to an overall increase in the amount of #Choline catabolized into the precursor for TMAO. [1.8] [#Parkinson’s Disease] - E. coli genes promote neurodegeneration. - Two of these genes, csgA and csgB, code for proteins that form #Curli, one type of bacterial amyloid fibers. - #Curli cross-seeds and colocalizes with α-syn both in C. elegans neurons and human neuroblastoma cells. - #Curli-induced α-syn aggregations down-regulate mitochondrial genes, causing energy failure in neurons. - #Curli may have general effects in promoting neuropathologies induced by different aggregation-prone proteins, such as A-β in #Alzheimer’s disease, Huntingtin in #Huntington’s Disease, and SOD1 in #Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. [1.9] [#Flagellin] - Flagellins of the probiotic E. coli Nissle 1917 induce beta-defensin via Toll-like receptor 5. - Adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC), > prevalent in up to half the individuals with #Crohn’s disease (CD) - Among the genes related to AIEC pathogenicity, fim has the potential to generate an inflammatory reaction from the intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages, as it interacts with TLR4, inducing the production of inflammatory cytokines independently of LPS. [1.11] [#Bacteriophage] [1.12] [#Lactoferrin] - LF > binding with free iron >The lack of iron in Gut > suppresses the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli.), an iron-dependent bacteria [1.13] [#Inflamatory bowel disease] [#Salmonella typhimurium] - adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC), and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium > induce inflammation (through elevated T helper (TH) 1 and TH17 immune responses) in IBD animal model > fibrosis development. - in patients with #Crohn’s disease, AIEC strains > ileal mucosa > trigger the initiation or perpetuation of the inflammatory disease. [1.14] [#Colorectal cancer] - Increases in #Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli enhance the production of intestinal inflammatory signaling molecules, IFN-γ and IL-4. In both IBD and CRC, #Fusobacterium nucleatum elicits strong pro-inflammatory responses [1.15] [#Parkinson’s Disease] - gut bacterial amyloid proteins, chiefly expression by curli proteins derived from Escherichia coli, promote the aggregation of α-syn in both the gut and the brain, resulting in behavioral deficits, intestinal dysfunction, and motor impairments [1.16] [#Obesity] [#Lactobacillus animalis] - several bacteria such as: #Methanobrevibacter smithii, #Bifidobacterium spp., #Bifidobacterium animalis, Escherichia coli, #Akkermansia muciniphila, #Anaerotruncus colihominis and bacteria of the Bacteroidetes strain have the capability to reduce the production of high-calorie substances and therefore also influence the caloric intake. A relatively low frequency of these bacteria correlates with increased body weight, as we have also observed. [1.17] - Oral gavages of #Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, and #Cronobacter sakazakii belonging to Enterobacteriaceae, singly or together, caused dose-dependently #Colitis and #Depression-like behaviors in germ-free and specific-pathogen-free mice. [1.18] [#Diabetes Type 2] - LPS acts as a strong stimulant for the release of cytokines, which are key inducers of insulin resistance. - The bacterial #Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli has been shown to exhibit major effects on insulin sensitivity [1.19] [#Colorectal cancer] [#Western-style diet] - higher levels of #Polyketide synthase (pks+) Escherichia coli in tumors of those who relied on Western-style diets. - Microbiota composition and predicted function in #Celiac Disease was largely determined by intestinal location. In the duodenum, but not stool, there was higher abundance of Escherichia coli, #prevotella salivae, and #Neisseria. - #Neisseria, an opportunistic pathogen previously found to be increased in patients with active #Celiac Disease, was associated with more severe enteropathy. - Expression of microbial glutamate carboxypeptidase was lower in the duodenum of celiac patients, and its decrease in mice also correlated with impaired gluten degradation, suggesting a potential candidate for future therapeutic development. [1.21] [#Tryptophan] - #Fucose increased the abundance of Trp-producing E. coli and normalized the blood Trp levels. [1.22] [#Infants] - Unique infant microbe-metabolite associations included positive correlations of #Enterococcus faecalis and E. coli with neurotransmitters #Tyramine and #Agmatine, respectively [1.23] [#Parkinson’s Disease] [#Lipopolysaccharide] - of the 29 species that are reduced in PD, only 1 is a canonical Gram-negative organism, #Prevotella copri, which interestingly, produces an LPS that not only does not induce inflammation, but can inhibit TLR4 activation by others. - Eleven of the 55 species that are enriched in PD are canonical Gram-negative organisms including those with highly stimulatory LPS (Escherichia coli, #Klebsiella species, and #Porphyromonas asaccharolytica). [1.24] - E. coli-induced inflammation > onset of #Prostate cancer or pre-neoplastic lesions. [1.25] [#Natural Small intestine Microbiome] - At the genus level, bacteria highly abundant in the SI include #Lactobacillus, #Veillonella, #Streptococcus, #Gemella, #Actinomyces, and E. coli. [1.26] - Gavaging mice with 3β-HSD-expressing E. coli decreased their serum #Estradiol levels, causing #Depression-like behaviors. [1.27] [#Parkinson’s Disease] - #Desulfovibrio bacteria from PD patients harbored significantly more (P<0.001, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test) and larger alpha-syn aggregates (P<0.001) than worms fed #Desulfovibrio bacteria from healthy individuals or worms fed E. coli strains. [#Parkinson’s Disease] [#Alpha-synuclein] - #Desulfovibrio strains, particularly those from PD patients, were more competent than #Curli-producing E. coli in stimulating the accumulation of larger and more abundant alpha-syn aggregates. [1.28] [#Staphylococcus aureus] - #RNAse7 showed higher inhibitory activity against E. Coli and #Cutibacterium acnes compared to S. aureus [1.29] [#Pregnancy] [#Lactobacillus gasseri] - Tvaginal microbiota was mostly consistent with previously reported community sequence types. - #Lactobacillus crispatus was the most abundant organism, followed by #Lactobacillus iners, #Gardnerella vaginalis, #Lactobacillus jensenii, and L. gasseri. - #Enterococcus faecalis was found in nearly 100% of samples, #Pseudomonas tolaasii in all samples, and Escherichia coli in 83.75% of samples. #Streptococcus agalactiae was detected in 74% of samples and is an important pathogen in both mothers and #Infants. - #Lactic acid bacteria, such as #Lactobacilli and #Bifidobacteria, which can enhance the production of mucin in human IECs and cause hinderance for the invasion of enteropathogenic E. coli [1.31] - #Indole-derived metabolites are produced by fermentation via #Clostridium sporogenes and Escherichia coli. [#Helicobacter pylori, #Shigella flexneri] - Notable genera in the #Proteobacteria are #Escherichia, #Salmonella, #Shigella, #Desulfovibrio, and #Helicobacter. Included in the phyla is the #Enterobacteriaceae family, which contains several enteropathogenic bacteria, including #Shigella flexneri, #Salmonella typhi, and #Escherichia coli. Other enteric pathogens in this phylum are #Vibrio cholerae and #Helicobacter pylori. [1.32] - colonization of #Curli-producing Escherichia coli accelerates aSyn pathology in the gut and brain. - Escherichia coli needs #Curli expression to exacerbate α-Syn-induced intestinal and motor disorders - #Epigallocatechin gallate, a plant-derived dietary polypheno can prevent pathology and motor symptoms in Thy1-SNCA mice by blocking amyloidogenic subunit of #Curli fibers (CsgA) amyloidogenesis and repressing CsgA transcript expression in Escherichia coli [1.33] [#Crohn’s disease, #Inflamatory bowel disease] [#Hungatella hathewayi] - H. hathewayi transcript as belonging to the TIGR02037 family, which includes both K04771 and K04772 . - Proteases from these families are found in pathogens, such as Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and #Helicobacter pylori, where they have been described as virulence factors, shown to degrade E-cadherin,Citation46 and hypothesized to cleave PAR2. [1.34] - Escherichia coli generates and secretes #Colibactin, which crosslinks eukaryotic DNA, leading to double-strand DNA breaks [1.35] - the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli EatA protease and the homolog from #Shigella have been shown to quickly breakdown human MUC2 mucin. [1.36] - #Colibactin is a genotoxic secondary metabolite produced by certain strains of gut bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and #Klebsiella pneumoniae. #Colibactin can cause DNA damage and promote the development of #Colorectal cancer . [1.37] [#Crohn’s disease, #Inflamatory bowel disease, #Ulcerative Colitis] - Most UC, and to a lesser extent CD patients develop peri-nuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA). - These antibodies cross-react with the E. coli membrane porin C (#OmpC) protein, suggesting a possible role for B cell autoreactivity and gut microbial antigenic cross-reactivity in the pathogenesis of IBD [#Crohn’s disease] [#Saccharomyces cerevisiae] - CD patients have increased serum titers of antibodies against the E. coli membrane porin C (#OmpC), yeast S. cerevisiae #Mannose epitopes (ASCA) and bacterial flagellins (CBir) and both the presence and titers of these antibodies are associated with disease severity. [1.38] [#Polycystic ovary syndrome] [#Bacteroides fragilis] - In patients with PCOS, there were enrichment of #Fusobacterium, #Escherichia, and #Bacteroides at the genus level and #Bacteroides fragilis and #Escherichia coli at the species level. [1.39] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] - An additional function of SCFAs is to lower the colonic luminal pH to inhibit growth of pathogens such as #Salmonella and Escherichia coli - Under anaerobic conditions, the enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strain EPEC E2348/69 showed the most significant increases in growth in the presence of #Sulforaphane. - In aerobic conditions, #Sulforaphane was shown to have an antimicrobial effect on EPEC E. coli ECE2348/69 - decrease in oxygen concentration, #Sulforaphane may not provide antioxidant functions [1.41] [#Biotin] - Bacteria that can produce vitamin B7 include #Bacteroides fragilis, #Prevotella copri, #Fusobacterium varium, and #Campylobacter coli - #Vitamin B12 supplementation in mice significantly decreased #Parabacteroides and #Lactobacillus and increased E. coli and #Enterococcus abundances in a murine model of #Colitis [#Pantothenic acid] - Various bacteria, including Escherichia coli, #Salmonella typhimurium, and #Corynebacterium glutamicum, can synthesize vitamin B5. - They use aspartate and intermediate metabolites of #Valine biosynthesis to produce vitamin B5 [1.42] - #Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris, L. lactis subsp. lactis, #Lactobacillus plantarum, #Streptococcus thermophilus, Escherichia coli, #Morganella morganii, #Klebsiella pneumoniae, and #Hafnia alvei produce #Serotonin [1.43] [#Allergy] [#Anaerostipes hadrus, #Blautia wexlerae, #Clostridium innocuum, #Eggerthella lenta, #Enterococcus faecalis, #Eubacterium hallii, #Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, #Tyzzerella nexilis] - depletions in the bacterial species A. hadrus, F. saccharivorans, E. hallii, and B. wexlerae in participants who later developed allergic diseases, as well as enrichments in E. lenta, C. innocuum, E. faecalis, E. coli, and T. nexilis in these participants. [1.44] - #Sulfur-metabolism pathways were found to be one of the frequent pathways among certain member of #Cancer-increased taxa such as #Aquabacterium, #Bilophila wadsworthia, #Delftia, #Desulfovibrio, Escherichia coli, #Fusobacterium, #Klebsiella, #Lactobacillus, #Morganella, #Odoribacter, and #Proteus. [1.45] [#Inflamatory bowel disease] - #Colectomy > there was a significant increase in the expansion of E.coli in individuals who underwent surgery and, in particular, samples from IBD patients who underwent #Colectomy had the highest abundance of E.coli. - At 6 months, endoscopic recurrence was associated with elevated #Proteus genera and at 18 months with reduced #Faecalibacterium, #Desulfovibrio and #Bilophila abundance. At 18 months severe endoscopic recurrence was associated with increase in #Proteobacteria. [1.46] [#Parkinson’s Disease] [#Alpha-synuclein] [#Fiber-free diet] - oral administration of E. coli to αSyn-overexpressing mice exacerbates PD-like pathologies, such as phosphorylated αSyn-positive structures and neurodegeneration, which are more pronounced in mice fed an FD diet. [1.47] - E. coli mutants which lack genes for #Glycogen accumulation are not able to colonize the murine GIT. [1.48] - Othe peptide antimicrobials include the #Colicins of Escherichia coli, the #Pyocins of #Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the #Halocins of #Halobacteria, #Subtilin of #Bacillus subtilis, the #Lantibiotics of #Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and other #Bacteriocins. [1.49] - Escherichia coli were more abundant at the end of Ramadan #Fasting. - Following the refeeding period, a consistent decline in Enterobacteriaceae, one of its members, specifically Escherichia coli, was observed - #Lung cancer, suggested that E. coli and #Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) may reside within these tumors [1.51] [#Clostridium asparagiforme, #Clostridium citroniae, #Clostridium hathewayi, #Clostridium sporogenes] [#TMA, #TMAO] - #Clostridium sp (C asparagiforme, C citroniae, C hathewayi, and C sporogenes), #Desulfovibrio, and #Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli and #Acinetobacter sp), can respond to a diet rich in #Choline, an essential nutrient for omnivores, and convert it to trimethylamine, which is then metabolised in the liver to trimethylamine N-oxide, a microbiome derived proatherogenic metabolite. [1.52] [#Osmo regulated periplasmic glucans] [1.53] - #Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma > Among the most prevalent bacteria identified in the bile ducts were #Enterococcus faecalis (38.8%, 31/80), #Enterococcus faecium (32.5%, 26/80), #Enterobacter cloacae (16.3%, 13/80), and Escherichia coli (11.3%, 9/80). - The dominant species identified in the bile of #Gallbladder cancer patients included #Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, and #Enterobacter sp., while the bile from cholelithiasis patients primarily contained Escherichia coli, #Salmonella sp., and #Enterococcus gallinarum [1.54] [#Colorectal cancer] - #Colibactin-producing pks+ E. coli+ promotes CRC development by causing double-stranded DNA breakage and a specific pattern of mutational signature, namely SBS88 and ID18. - early-life exposure to pks+ E. coli+ may influence early-onset tumorigenesis. - Pks+ E. coli+ is a common gut bacteria found in ~31% of healthy #Infants by 1-month post-birth. - prolonged exposure to this bacteria may be necessary to result in DNA damage. - pks+ E. coli+ does not cause a highly immunogenic tumour microenvironment (TME), at least at the time of CRC diagnosis/resection. [#Western-style diet] - intratumoral pks+ E. coli is associated with high western diet score [1.55] [#Tryptophan] - Trp is converted to #Indole via the enzyme Trp identified in gut bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), #Clostridium spp., and #Bacteroides spp. - Trp decarboxylase converts Trp to #Tryptamine > is expressed in #Clostridium, #Ruminococcus, #Blautia, and #Lactobacillus bacteria [#Tryptophan] - #Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris (MG 1363), L. lactis subsp. lactis (IL1403), #Lactobacillus plantarum (FI8595), #Streptococcus thermophilus (NCFB2392), Escherichia coli K-12, #Morganella morganii (NCIMB, 10466), #Klebsiella pneumoniae (NCIMB, 673), and #Hafnia alvei (NCIMB, 11999) that can produce #Serotonin from Trp [#Tryptophan] - #Fucose administration increased the levels of Trp-producing E. coli and thus normalized Trp serum levels [1.56] [#Parkinson’s Disease] [#Alpha-synuclein] - Among the 38 proneurodegenerative E. coli genes identified in the #Genome-wide screen, we previously characterized the genes responsible for producing the bacterial #Amyloid fibril #Curli, which could enter the host neurons to cross-seed the aggregation of α-syn and promote neurodegeneration. [1.57] [#Bacteroides dorei, #Clostridium symbiosum, #Lachnoclostridium clostridioforme] - The absence of B. dorei impacted the abundance of the other 10 species negatively. - #Lachnoclostridium symbiosum, a #Butyrate producer, appeared to be the most sensitive species to deletions, being stimulated by the presence of Escherichia coli, #Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. dorei, and #Lactobacillus plantarum. [1.58] [#Multiple Sclerosis] - HycI peptidase, an enzyme from Escherichia coli that acts as a pH resistance factor (pH 2–2.5)29, was more abundant in MS. [1.59] [#Bacteroides uniformis, #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, #Parabacteroides distasonis] [#Fasting] - During IER > the abundance of #Obesity-related probiotics including F. prausnitzii, P. distasonis, and B. uniformis significantly increased compared with that at baseline, whereas the abundance of pathogenic E. coli significantly decreased. - the reduction in E.coli abundance sustained to the endpoint of phase III, whereas the abundance of F. prausnitzii, P. distasonis, and B. uniformis peaked at midpoint of phase II and declined to near baseline levels at endpoint of phase III. - E. coli abundance is related to the #Obesity pathogenesis and dietary behavior. - Nutritional factors can regulate E. coli proliferation, affecting the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 that induces intestinal satiety and dietary termination signals. - The E coli abundance was negatively associated with the left orbital inferior frontal gyrus in the inhibitory control circuit at base line and the right putamen in the learning and memory circuit at endpoint of phase III. - E. coli can regulate the anorexia and appetite pathways by penetrating the blood-brain barrier to affect brain function and modulating the expression of appetite-regulating neuropeptides.References Notes (1) [1.102]
