Disease ⇒ Asthma {40000140} Record Keys Type:Disease Parent:[ ] Definition:Asthma Details Initialisation date:2020-09-06 Other Terms:[ ] LinksWickipediaMerck Manual Meta Information MedDra ID:10003553 MedDra Level:pt ICD:[ ] Category:Pulmonary Zone:[ ] Mechanism:[ ] Notes: - A few farm-deriving microbes potentially contributing to the protection against Asthma and other allergies have been reported, including #Lactococcus lactis, #Staphylococcus sciuri,or #Bacillus licheniformis and, as the most remarkable representative, #Acinetobacter lwoffii.Shared Reference Notes [1.1] - Differences in the fungal community were more strongly associated with asthma risk than bacterial dysbiosis. - Overrepresentation of total fungal sequences and an expansion of the yeast #Issatchenkia orientalis in children who later developed symptoms [1.2] [#High fibre diet] - Increased maternal dietary microbiome-accessible fiber and SCFA exposure during pregnancy > reduced incidence of asthma in offspring which persists into adulthood. - Reduced dietary fiber intake > reduced serum #Acetate levels in pregnant women > increased frequency of coughing/wheezing during the child’s first year of life. - During pregnancy > SCFA (such as #Acetate) > cross the placenta and affect the expression of fetal lung genes, such as NPPA, > encodes ANP (a molecule related to epithelial biology and immune regulation). [1.3] [#Cystic fibrosis, #Lung cancer, #Pneumonia] [1.4] - Severe respiratory viral infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV) is associated with increased risk of developing asthma, and as such, these viruses are considered asthmagenic. - Mice nasally exposed to two distinct strains of the commensal bacterial species Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR05 and LR06) were protected against subsequent RSV infection. - Protection was associated with increased levels of IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-6, and TNF-α in both BAL and serum samples, which contributed to viral clearance. [1.5] [#Allergic asthma] [1.6] - #Siblings in the home to be one of the most important determinants of the developing microbiota in both the airway and gut, with significant differences in alpha diversity, beta diversity, and relative abundances of the most abundant taxa, with the specific associations being particularly apparent during the first year of life. - The age gap to the closest older sibling was more important than the number of older #Siblings. The signature of having #Siblings in the gut microbiota at 1 year was associated with protection against asthma at 6 years of age, while no associations were found for #Allergy. [1.7] [#Children] - low α-diversity and relative abundance of particular gut-commensal bacteria genera (#Bifidobacterium, #Faecalibacterium, #Ruminococcus, and #Roseburia) are associated with childhood respiratory diseases. [1.8] [#Human milk nutrient fortifiers] - babies fed HMBFs derived from their own mother’s milk had higher levels of #Veillonella in their stools, which has been shown to help protect #Infants from developing asthma. [1.9] [#Children, #Season Fall] - in the fall, when respiratory illness and exacerbation events were most frequent, several #Moraxella and #Haemophilus members were enriched both in virus-positive respiratory illnesses and those that progressed to exacerbations. [#Allergic asthma] [#Acinetobacter lwoffii] [#Probiotic] - Repeated intranasal AL administration triggered a proinflammatory immune response particularly characterized by elevated levels of IL-6, and consequently, IL-6 induced IL-10 production in CD4+ T-cells. - Both IL-6 and IL-10, but not IL-17, were required for asthma protection. - A few farm-deriving microbes potentially contributing to the protection against asthma and other allergies have been reported, including #Lactococcus lactis, #Staphylococcus sciuri,or #Bacillus licheniformis and, as the most remarkable representative, #Acinetobacter lwoffii. [1.11] - delayed maturation of the gut microbiome (characterized by reduced relative abundance of the genera #Roseburia, #Dialister, #Prevotella, #Faecalibacterium and #Blautia and increased abundance of #Enterococcus), as well as reduced stool levels of #Butyrate by the age of 12 months, is associated with aberrant immune responses and an increased risk of asthma diagnosis by the age of 5 years [1.12] - #Bacteroides and #Faecalibacterium had relatively high prevalences and were more abundant in #Children with severe asthma. - colonization of the upper airways with #Moraxella, which is a part of the family #Moraxellaceae, is more common among asthmatic patients than among healthy individuals. - The #Moraxella-dominated upper airway microbiome was associated with an increased risk for exacerbation in asthmatic individuals than in healthy individuals. - #Sphingomonas was more abundant in patients with eosinophil-high asthma than in those with eosinophil-low asthma. [1.13] - asthma, #Allergic rhinitis (or hay fever), #Food Allergy, and #Atopic Dermatitis (or eczema) can share many common etiological mechanisms characterized by aberrant type-2 inflammatory responses and elevated IgE [1.14] - lower alpha diversity concurrently or prospectively linked to conditions including asthma, #Atopic Dermatitis, #Food Allergy, and type 1 diabetes, while others have found no association [1.15] - presence of #Veillonella is negatively correlated with asthma, #Bronchiolitis, and #Autism [1.16] [#Veillonella parvula] - V. parvula plays a protective and helpful role in the early development of a child’s immune system. - the presence of V. parvula was negatively correlated with asthma and #Bronchiolitis [1.17] [#Allergy] [#Antibiotic Therapy, #Infants, #Mother-infant] - Antibiotic exposure during #Pregnancy was associated with preschool asthma, wheezing, #Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and any allergic disease in offspring up to age 3 years. [1.18] - asthma exacerbations > higher abundance of #Staphylococcus and “oral” taxa, including #Neisseria, #Veillonella, and #Streptococcus spp. and a lower abundance of #Dolosigranulum pigrum, #Corynebacterium, and #Moraxella spp. - Asthma exacerbations > #Neisseria abundance was associated with more severe disease. - #Neisseria spp. abundance was also related with fine particulate matter exposure, whereas #Haemophilus and #Streptococcus abundances were related with recent inhaled #Corticosteroid use.References Notes[ ]
