Disease ⇒ Irritable bowel syndrome {40000135}
| Type: | Disease |
|---|---|
| Parent: | [ ] |
| Definition: | Irritable bowel syndrome |
| Initialisation date: | 2020-09-06 |
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| Other Terms: | IBS |
| MedDra ID: | 10023003 |
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| MedDra Level: | pt |
| ICD: | [ ] |
| Category: | Gastroenterology |
| Zone: | [ ] |
| Mechanism: | [ ] |
Notes:
- Oral administration of Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 normalized sensitivity to colorectal distension in a rat model of post-inflammatory colonic hypersensitivity (1)
- The probiotic B. infantis 35624 reduced CRD-induced visceral pain behaviors in both rat strains. It significantly increased the threshold pressure of the first pain behavior and also reduced the total number pain behaviors during CRD (2)
- Purine metabolism is the novel host-microbial metabolic pathway in IBS (4)
Shared Reference Notes
- [1.1]
- Mice colonized with IBS+A microbiota developed faster gastrointestinal transit and anxiety‐like behavior (longer step‐down latency) compared to mice with HC microbiota. - Saccharomyces boulardii administration normalized gastrointestinal transit and anxiety‐like behavior in mice with IBS+A microbiota. Step‐down latency correlated with colonic Trpv1 expression and was associated with altered microbiota profile and increased Indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) levels. - [1.2]
- Individuals with severe IBS consumed a higher proportion of food items that can be considered as low quality (“less healthy”) as part of their main meals. - IBS severity is associated with altered gut microbiota hydrogen function in correlation with microbiota enzymes involved in animal carbohydrate metabolism. - [1.3] [#Staphylococcus aureus]
- Staphylococcal bacterial infection and bacterial toxins can trigger an immune response that leads to the production of dietary-antigen-specific IgE antibodies in mice, which are limited to the intestine. - Following subsequent oral ingestion of the respective dietary antigen, an IgE- and mast-cell-dependent mechanism induced increased visceral pain. -This aberrant pain signalling resulted from histamine receptor H1-mediated sensitization of visceral afferents. - Injection of food antigens (gluten, wheat, soy and milk) into the rectosigmoid mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome induced local oedema and mast cell activation. - [1.4]
- Streptococci and clostridia were associated with an increased risk. - Clostridium perfringens is a well-known enteric pathogen and streptococci have been previously associated with irritable bowel syndrome. - Demographic risk factors included a family history of irritable bowel syndrome and antibiotic use. - Half of those affected said that their parents or siblings had bowel disease, and 75% of those affected said they had taken antibiotics in the past year. - [1.5] [#Human milk oligosaccharides]
- Patients had a significant improvement from baseline to 12 weeks in total percentage of bowel movements. - Improvement was similar across IBS subtypes. Symptoms improved most in the first 4 weeks of intervention. - The most common side effects were mild gastrointestinal symptoms such as flatulence, abdominal pain and discomfort, and distension. - [1.6]
- [1.7]
- Irritable bowel syndrome patients had lower urinary Phosphatidyl choline acyl-alkyl C38:6, dopamine and p-hydroxybenzoic acid. - Levels of some urinary metabolites including histamine correlated significantly with irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity scores. - [1.8] [#Clostridium difficile infection, #Inflamatory bowel disease]
- Combining human variables and gut microbiota achieved the best performances in predicting IBD, IBS, CDI, and unhealthy status, indicating independent associations between gut microbiota and these diseases. - [1.9]
- In IBS > The three most abundant bacteriophage clusters belonged to the #Siphoviridae, #Myoviridae, and #Podoviridae families (Order #Caudovirales). - [1.11]
- Transplantation of feces from IBS-C patients to healthy mice would cause gut microbiota imbalance by reducing Firmicutes and increasing Bacteroides and Akkermansia. - the abundance of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli, as well as Enterobacteria was increased. - - In IBS patients, the GABAergic system is disrupted, and the levels of glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2), #GABA, and #GABA receptors(including type B1 and B2) are decreased, while #GABA transporter-2 (GAT-2) is increased in IBS-D patients
- - #Histamine level in the colon was increased in IBS cases
- [#kynurenine] -IBS > the level of neuroprotective #kynurenic acid (KynA) and the ratio of KynA/Kyn were reduced
- [1.12]
- Bacterial #Histamine acts by attracting mast cells to the colon through activation of the #Histamine 4 receptor. - #Klebsiella aerogenes, present in the gut microbiota of many patients with IBS, as the main bacterial producer of #Histamine. - [1.13]
- The relative abundance of #Prevotella copri within IBS was significantly correlated with increased abdominal pain - [1.14] [#Inflamatory bowel disease] [#Bile Acids, #Primary bile acids, #Secondary bile acids]
- Reduced BA deconjugation is associated with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including #Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and #Crohn’s disease (CD), as well as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). - [1.15]
- #Tryptamine induces the release of the neurotransmitter 5-HT, a #Serotonin of enterochromaffin cells. - 5-HT can work on the enteric nervous system to stimulate gastrointestinal motility such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) - [1.16]
- symptom severity is related to characteristic alterations of gut microbiota, including reduced diversity, reduced exhaled methane, relative reduction of #Methanobacteriales and #Prevotella enterotype, and abundance of #Bacteroides enterotype. - #Bacteroides were found to be increased in patients with IBS-D and were associated with mucosal low-grade inflammation. - - a recent meta-analysis identified low levels of #Propionate and #Butyrate in feces from patients with IBS-C, as compared with healthy controls, and a higher proportion of #Butyrate in fecal samples of patients with IBS-D, as compared with controls
- - #Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 improves symptoms, modulates gut microbiota structure and function through the reduction of Rumicococcus with consequent increased levels of #Acetate and #Butyrate, and reduces intestinal immune activation in patients with IBS
- [#Low FODMAP diet] - low fermentable oligo-, di-, and mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAP) diet reduces fermentation, improving global symptoms as well as abdominal pain in patients with IBS, particularly with IBS-D, when compared with habitual diet or different dietary interventions[
- - #Ruminococcus to be increased in IBS patients, suggesting even a potential role as a biomarker of this disorder
- - in IBS is a prevalence of 36.8% in a cohort with culture-proven #Salmonella enteritidis infection.
- [1.17]
- IBS was associated with differential abundance of bacterial taxa such as #Bacteroides dorei; metabolites including increased #Tyramine and decreased gentisate and hydrocinnamate; and transcripts related to fructooligosaccharide and polyol utilization. - [1.18] [#Diabetes Type 2]
- Increased levels of #Ceramides were reported in mucosal samples from IBS patients as well as in plasma and tissue samples in diabetes, cardiomyopathy, insulin resistance, #Atherosclerosis and #Steatohepatitis. - [#Chronic fatigue syndrome] [#Alistipes putredinis, #Anaerotruncus colihominis, #Clostridium asparagiforme, #Coprococcus catus, #Dorea formicigenerans, #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii] - Nine bacterial species were selected to predict ME/CFS + IBS: F. prausnitzii, #Bacteroides vulgatus, A. putredinis, C. catus, #Anaerostipes caccae, D. formicigenerans, A. colihominis and C. asparagiforme.
- [#Chronic fatigue syndrome] [#Ceramides] - patients with ME/CFS and IBS have increased plasma levels of ceramide.
- [#Chronic fatigue syndrome] - Patients with ME/CFS and IBS also had higher plasma #Mannitol levels. - #Mannitol may increase permeability of both the gut mucosa and the blood-brain barrier resulting in trafficking of molecules such as cytokines and neurotransmitters that contribute to disease.
- [1.19]
- Bifidobacterium infantis seems to be effective in human studies with IBS patients by changing plasma proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio.
References Notes
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