Enterococcaceae ⇒ Enterococcus {10000561}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] [#Galactooligosaccharides & modified mogrosides Sweetener] 
  - Significant growth during the fermentation at 10 h of bacterial populations includes #Bifidobacterium, #Bacteroides, Enterococcus, and #Clostridium coccoides. - significant increase in production of SCFA in mMV-GOS at 10 h of fermentation, mainly seen in #Acetate and #Propionate production
• [1.2] [#Alcoholic Hepatitis] 
  - Enterococcus produces cytolysin in subjects with Severe alcohol-associated hepatitis. - The use of phages to target pathogenic bacteria in the gut improves liver inflammation in animal models. - The transfer of alcohol-associated hepatitis via fecal transplant in animal models confirms a major role of Gut Microbiata in the initiation and progression of severe alcoholic liver disease.
• [1.3] [#Antibiotic Therapy, #Infants treated with antibiotic] 
  - #Infants treated with antibiotics tend to have lower bacterial diversity as well as an increase of #Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus
• [1.4] [#Crohn’s disease] 
  - Escherichia/Shigella, Enterococcus and #Proteus were enriched in the advanced CD patients.
• [1.5] [#Bipolar disorder, #Major depressive disorder] 
  - MDD and BD had more commonalities, including higher Enterococcus, #Flavonifractor, and #Streptococcus, and lower #Faecalibacterium and #Ruminococcus.
• [1.6] [#Human breast milk] 
  - Phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) are integral to the outer Milk fat globules bilayer membrane, and while they are important for human cell proliferation during early life, some bacteria of the #Clostridium and Enterococcus genera use ethanolamine as a source of carbon and nitrogen.
• [1.7] 
  - #Grape seed > the growth of #Lactobacillus and Enterococcus spp. were elevated. - These changes in the gut microbiota were associated with increases in #4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, #Phenylpropionic acid, #Phenylacetic acid and #4-hydroxybenzoic acid
• [1.8] 
  - in neurodegenerative disease > The microbes with elevated populations, like #Bilophila, Butryicicoccus, #Alistipes, Enterococcus, #Lactobacillus, #Streptococcus, #Shigella, and #Desulfovibrio, have the metabolic capability to produce #Putrescine majorly by the #Putrescine III biosynthesis pathway.
• - Enterococcus and #Lactobacillus had the highest PS for #Butyrate formation through the fermentation of #Pyruvate.
• [1.9] [#Natural Small intestine Microbiome] 
  - Only select bacteria, including #Clostridium, #Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus species, are able to penetrate, or attach to, the mucus layer at the epithelium and use the mucus as an energy source
• - delayed maturation of the gut microbiome (characterized by reduced relative abundance of the genera #Roseburia, #Dialister, #Prevotella, #Faecalibacterium and #Blautia and increased abundance of Enterococcus), as well as reduced stool levels of #Butyrate by the age of 12 months, is associated with aberrant immune responses and an increased risk of #Asthma diagnosis by the age of 5 years
• [#Cesarean section] - #Children born by C-section demonstrate reduced colonization stability of #Bacteroides by day 14 and reduced abundance throughout infancy and up to 5 years of life. - The low-#Bacteroides profile of neonates delivered by C-section is accompanied by an increased relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens (for example, Enterococcus spp. and #Klebsiella spp.)
• [1.11] [#Celiac Disease] 
  - #Bacillus subtilis LZU-GM was isolated from Pakistani traditional fermented sourdough and could degrade 73.7% of #Gluten in 24 h in vitro. - The #Gluten degradation was 3-fold higher in the small intestine of the strain LZU-GM treated mice group. - #Gluten-treated mice established positive antigliadin antibodies (AGA) in serum (IgA, IgG, and anti-TG2 antibodies) as compared to the strain LZU-GM treatment group. - the number of IFN-γ, TNF-α, #IL-10, and COX-2 cells decrease in the lamina propria of the strain LZU-GM treatment group. - Microbial community bar plot analysis showed that #Lactobacillus, #Dubosiella, and Enterococcus genera were restored and stabilized in the LZU-GM treatment group while #Blautia and #Ruminococcus were found lower.
• [1.12] 
  - The #Firmicutes phylum comprises Gram-positive bacteria with low G + C DNA content and is composed of more than 200 different genera, such as #Lactobacillus, #Bacillus, #Clostridium, Enterococcus, and Ruminicoccus.
• [1.13] 
  - patients with PD exhibited a significantly high abundance of the intestinal conditional pathogens, such as Enterococcus, #Escherichia-#Shigella, and #Proteus. - The abundance of these pathogens was positively correlated with PD duration and unified #Parkinson’s Disease rating scale (UPDRS) score. - Bacillus and #Escherichia-#Shigella secrete #Amyloid protein and promote the occurrence of diseases. - #Amyloid proteins can induce oxidative stress, activate microglia, and release inflammatory factors such as TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6 to increase to increase permeability of intestinal epithelial and BBB.
• [1.14] [#Aromatic amino acid] 
  - Enterococcus species is the main #Tyramine producers in #Infants’ gut
• [1.15] 
  - #Probiotic supplementation seems to reduce #Escherichia overgrowth during #Antibiotic Therapy. - The level of both #Escherichia and Enterococcus tends to normalize after antibiotics cessation regardless of probiotics supplementation.
• [1.16] [#Human breast milk, #Vaginally delivery] 
  - At 6 weeks postpartum, the composition and structure of gut microbiota of #Cesarean section-delivered (CSD) #Infants differed from those of vaginally delivered (VD) #Infants, with decreased #Bacteroides and #Escherichia-#Shigella and increased #Klebsiella, #Veillonella, and Enterococcus. - At 6 months postpartum, these delivery mode-induced microbial shifts were restored by exclusive breastfeeding, resulting in similar gut microbial profiles between VD and CSD #Infants who were exclusively breastfed and more variable gut microbial profiles between VD and CSD #Infants who were mixed fed.
• [1.17] [#Hepatocellular cancer] 
  - a few microbial genera were related to HCC tumor size, of which three (Enterococcus, #Limnobacter, and #Phyllobacterium) could be used as markers for the early diagnosis of HCC
• [1.18] 
  - #Bifidobacterium, #Slackia, Enterococcus, Thiococcus, #Klebsiella, #Serratia, and #Enterobacter abundances were also decreased with #Vitamin B6 supplementation in #Lactose-intolerant patients .
• [#Escherichia coli] - #Vitamin B12 supplementation in mice significantly decreased #Parabacteroides and #Lactobacillus and increased E. coli and Enterococcus abundances in a murine model of #Colitis
• [1.19] 
  - #Streptococcus and Enterococcus produce #Serotonin
• - #Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, #Clostridium, and #Proteus are gastrointestinal tract (GIT) bacteria that can use the #Triglyceride backbone as an electron sink, reducing glycerol to 1,3-propanediol
• [#Triglyceride] - #3-hydroxypropanal (reuterin), was discovered to be extracellularly accumulated in #Lactobacillus and Enterococcus cultures. - Reuterin has antimicrobial properties that act on both pathogens and commensals, and it can be dehydrated spontaneously to acrolein, a highly reactive genotoxic with the same mutagenic potency as formaldehyde.
• [1.21] [#Rheumatoid Arthritis] 
  - When compared with controls, participants with RA had increased levels of the #Collinsella aerofaciens species and enterococcus genera. Likewise, an increase of arginine deaminase activity was observed, which belonged, in approximately 90%, to the RA genes of the genus Collinsela.

References Notes