High-fat diet {50000130}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] [#Polycystic ovary syndrome] 
  - #Inulin improve gut dysbiosis, lower testosterone, and increase estradiol levels while improving ovarian morphology and weight gain in mice fed a high-fat diet
• [1.2] 
  - A high-fat diet promotes an increase of Firmicutes and relative reduction of Bacteroidetes, which in turn alters our energy metabolism by promoting more effective caloric intake and, ultimately, weight gain and obesity.
• [1.3] 
  - The population of #Akkermansia in the gut is negatively modulated by the fat content of the consumed diet.
• [1.4] 
  - High-fat diet and #Obesity are associated with increased Firmicutes and decreased Bacteroidetes
• [1.5] 
  - #Bacteroidetes has a substrate preference for certain fats.
• [1.6] 
  - A high-fat diet impairs mitochondrial uptake of oxygen into host enterocytes and elevates nitrate in the mucus, which in turn weakens healthy anaerobic gut function. Facultative anaerobes such as the pathobiont #Escherichia coli become dominant, which leads to an overall increase in the amount of #Choline catabolized into the precursor for TMAO.
• - A high-fat diet is associated with the occurrence of microbes that catabolize choline and the accumulation of trimethylamine N-oxide (#TMAO) in the bloodstream, a contributing factor for heart disease.
• [1.7] [#Ruminococcaceae] 
  - HFD > decrease relative abundance of #Verrucomicrobia, #Akkermansia , Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and #Bifidobacteriaceae
• [1.8] [#Prostate cancer] [#Western-style diet] 
  - HFD promoted inflammatory PCa growth. - The expression of Hdc, the gene responsible for #Histamine biosynthesis, and #Histamine levels were upregulated in large prostate tumors of HFD-fed mice, and the number of mast cells increased around the tumor foci. - HFD intake induced gut dysbiosis, resulting in the elevation of serum #Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS increased Hdc expression in PCa.
• [1.9] [#Diabetes Type 2] 
  - HFD caused a decrease in circulating GLP-1 levels, and this was reversed with #Vancomycin treatment
• [#Prediabetes] - microbiota protects against development of #Obesity, #Metabolic syndrome, and pre-diabetic phenotypes by inducing commensal-specific Th17 cells. - High-fat, high-#Sugar diet promoted metabolic disease by depleting Th17-inducing microbes, and recovery of commensal Th17 cells restored protection. - Diet-induced loss of protective Th17 cells was mediated by the presence of #Sugar. - Eliminating #Sugar from high-fat diets protected mice from #Obesity and #Metabolic syndrome in a manner dependent on commensal-specific Th17 cells. - #Sugar and ILC3 promoted outgrowth of #Faecalibaculum rodentium that displaced Th17-inducing microbiota.
• [1.11] 
  - Changes in the anaerobic condition of the gut due to high fat diet causes mitochondrial dysfunction by triggering production of hydrogen peroxide in the mitochondria.
• [1.12] [#Limosilactobacillus (Lactobacillus) reuteri] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] 
  - maternal high-fat diet (MHFD) in mice induces gut dysbiosis, social dysfunction, and underlying synaptic plasticity deficits in male offspring. - Post-weaning Limosilactobacillus reuteri treatment increases the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing taxa and rescues MHFD-descendant social deficits.
• [1.13] [#Alzheimer’s disease] [#Amyloid-beta] 
  - high-fat diets and #Obesity are associated with increased risk for developing AD and #Dementia. - the incidence of AD is higher in countries that typically consume high-fat diets as opposed to low-fat diets. - Increased Aβ plaques in the brain after consumption of a high fat diet has been observed in mouse models of amyloidosis. - a high-fat diet can result in an increase in neuroinflammation and decreased performance on AD-related behavior tests.
• [1.14] 
  - The abundance of other bacterial families decreased on a high-fat diet including Bifidobacteriacaea and Bacteriodacaea, which are commonly associated with leanness.
• [1.15] 
  - #Ruminococcaceae (order Clostridiales) that are prominent producers of #Butyrate, decreased in relative abundance with a high-fat diet. - This decrease is particularly significant because #Ruminococcaceae, making up ≈20% of gut bacteria in chow-fed OSA rats, decreased to ≈10% in high-fat OSA rats . Members of the order Clostridiales, other than #Ruminococcaceae, also significantly decreased with high-fat diet.

References Notes