‹› Disease ⇒ Chronic kidney disease {40000186} Record Keys Type:Disease Parent:[ ] Definition:Chronic kidney disease Details Initialisation date:2020-10-13 Other Terms:CKD Meta Information MedDra ID:10064848 MedDra Level:pt ICD:[ ] Zone:[ ] Mechanism:[ ] Notes: [ ]Shared Reference Notes [1.1] - In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the “healthy” microbiota structure is disrupted, and intestinal microbes produce large quantities of uremic solutes responsible for renal damage; on the other hand, the uremic state, fueled by reduced renal clearance, causes shifts in microbial metabolism and composition, hence creating a vicious cycle in which dysbiosis and renal dysfunction are progressively worsened. [1.2] - Saccharibacteria (per 1-SD higher in the log-transformed abundance) could potentially decrease the concentration of serum creatinine and increase the estimated glomerular filtration rate which might help improve renal function. [1.3] [#Uremic toxins] [1.4] - #Curcumin > significantly reduced plasma pro-inflammatory mediators (CCL-2, IFN-γ, and IL-4) and lipid peroxidation. - After 6 months of #Curcumin supplementation > significantly lower #Escherichia-#Shigella and significantly higher #Lachnoclostridium . - In the last 3 months of supplementation > significantly higher #Lactobacillaceae spp.. [1.5] - Bacterial species involved in #Butyrate production, #Indole synthesis and mucin degradation were also related to CKD. [1.6] - Chronic kidney disease > decreased #Indole, #Indole-3-carboxaldehyde and #Indole-3-propionic acid [1.7] [#Aging] - #Hippuric acid has been found increased in patients with chronic kidney disease and several age-related conditions [1.8] [1.9] - #Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methanethiol are produced during the decomposition of #Sulfur-containing amino acids, and have been linked to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular disease, and bone metabolic disorders - #Butyrate can protect glomerular endothelial cells against mitochondrial dysfunction. [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] - fecal and serum SCFAs are remarkably higher in healthy controls than in patients affected by CKD. - the progression of CKD negatively correlates with the amount of #Butyrate detected in the serum of the patients. - #Butyrate supplementation might have potential beneficial effects on kidney function - In CKD patients, the concentrations of microbiota-derived trimethylamine N-oxide (#TMAO), indoxyl #Sulfate and p-cresyl #Sulfate in the blood are increased. Because of poor renal function in CKD patients, these #Uremic toxins remain in the circulation, promote inflammation, thereby contributing to progressive kidney injury.References Notes[ ]