Saccharomyces ⇒ Saccharomyces cerevisiae {10001439}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] [#Ulcerative Colitis] [#Anti–Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies] 
  - anti–Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) have been associated with CD. - ASCA detect S. cerevisiae #Mannan, a cell wall carbohydrate that is common to most fungi. Thus, the specificity of ASCA for Saccharomyces is not clear, since other common fungi, including #Candida albicans, have abundant #Mannan in their cell walls. - Increases in both ASCA IgG and IgA are commonly observed in patients diagnosed with CD. - The ASCA IgA and IgG positive rate is over 50% in patients with CD and less than 5% in patients with non-IBD colitis or healthy controls. - In pediatric patients with CD, ASCA positivity has been associated with older children (>10 years), small bowel disease, and long-term risk of surgery. - In adults, ASCA has been linked to increases in disease severity, location, and age, with ASCA-positive patients more likely to have severe and complicated disease. - A recent study of pediatric patients in Australia noted that ASCA positivity correlated with increases and decreases in several specific bacteria, further suggesting that ASCA may be associated with specific subtypes of disease and that this may be reflected in the microbiome as well. - ASCA IgA was observed to be the most predictive marker of a future diagnosis of CD and was predictive as much as 5 years before diagnosis,
• [1.2] [#Bipolar disorder, #Schizophrenia] 
  - BD and SZ are characterized by higher serum antibody levels to fungal pathogens Saccharomyces cerevisiae and #Candida albicans > could be related to cognitive performance or the onset of psychotic symptoms
• [1.3] [#Crohn’s disease] [#Escherichia coli] 
  - CD patients have increased serum titers of antibodies against the E. coli membrane porin C (#OmpC), yeast S. cerevisiae #Mannose epitopes (ASCA) and bacterial flagellins (CBir) and both the presence and titers of these antibodies are associated with disease severity.
• [1.4] [#Gastric carcinoma] 
  - S. cerevisiae was significantly reduced in the saliva and tongue coating of the GC group. S. cerevisiae is an important component of the human gut
• [1.5] [#Crohn’s disease, #Inflamatory bowel disease] 
  - S cerevisiae has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects against #Colitis in murine models - IBD patients and patients in flare present significantly less S cerevisiae. - mucosal-associated fungal studies have demonstrated an increase of S cerevisiae in noninflamed mucosa in CD patients
• [1.6] [#Hepatocellular cancer] [#Candida albicans] 
  - The increased abundance of C. albicans and depletion of S. cerevisiae may be hallmarks of the progression of liver cirrhosis to early HCC.
• [#Hepatocellular cancer] [#Candida albicans] - the administration of C. albicans and S. cerevisiae in the LC-HCC progression could accelerate or retard the progression of HCC.
• [1.7] [#Inflamatory bowel disease, #Primary sclerosing cholangitis] 
  - #Smoking increased risk of EIMs except for PSC, where there was a “protective” effect. - Multiple serologic associations were observed, including with PSC (IgG and IgA, perinuclear anti-nuclear cytoplasmic antibody; anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies; and anti-#Flagellin) and any EIM (IgG and IgA, perinuclear anti-nuclear cytoplasmic antibody; anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies; and anti–#Pseudomonas fluorescens-associated sequence).

References Notes