Disease ⇒ Metabolic syndrome {40000421}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - Oral supplementation with the alive A. Mucinophila prevente the reduction of 2-PG and 1-PG levels observed upon the progression of the metabolic syndrome.
• [1.2] 
  - The protective association between adherence to the #Mediterranean diet and cardiometabolic disease risk is significantly stronger among participants with decreased abundance of #Prevotella copri.
• [1.3] [#Dysosmobacter welbionis] 
  - D. welbionis abundance was present in up to 70% of the general population. Furthermore, its absolute abundance in the fecal microbiota of people with obesity suffering from metabolic syndrome was inversely correlated with body mass index, fasting glucose and glycated hemoglobin. which is used to determine how well a person with diabetes has been managing their blood sugar over the previous months.
• [1.4] [#Obesity] [#Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, #High fibre diet] 
• [1.5] 
• [1.6] [#Elevated C-reactive protein, #Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol] 
  - Higher long-term PDI (#Plant-based diet index) was associated with the lower relative abundance of #Peptostreptococcus, while this microbe was positively correlated with the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and inversely associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
• [1.7] 
  - MetS gut viromes exhibit decreased richness and diversity. They are enriched in phages infecting Streptococcaceae and Bacteroidaceae and depleted in those infecting Bifidobacteriaceae. - MetS-associated Roseburia VC (viral cluster) that is related to healthy control-associated Faecalibacterium and Oscillibacter VCs.
• - #Candidatus Heliusviridae, a highly widespread gut phage lineage found in 90+% of Metabolic syndrome participants.
• [1.8] [#Omega 3] [#Western-style diet] 
  - nutritional enrichment of WD with #Fish oil n-3PUFA can partially mitigate its detrimental effects, potentially improving the low-grade inflammation associated with immune metabolic disease.
• [1.9] [#Prediabetes] [#High Fat Diet] 
  - microbiota protects against development of #Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and pre-diabetic phenotypes by inducing commensal-specific Th17 cells. - High-fat, high-#Sugar diet promoted metabolic disease by depleting Th17-inducing microbes, and recovery of commensal Th17 cells restored protection. - Diet-induced loss of protective Th17 cells was mediated by the presence of #Sugar. - Eliminating #Sugar from high-fat diets protected mice from #Obesity and metabolic syndrome in a manner dependent on commensal-specific Th17 cells. - #Sugar and ILC3 promoted outgrowth of #Faecalibaculum rodentium that displaced Th17-inducing microbiota.
• - #Curcumin may decrease risk of developing metabolic diseases associated with chronic inflammation.
• [1.11] [#Probiotic] 
• [1.12] [#Akkermansia muciniphila] 
  - mucin degradation products accumulate in internal compartments within A. muciniphila in a process that requires genes encoding pili and a periplasmic protein complex, which we term mucin utilization locus (MUL) genes. - MUL genes were required for intestinal colonization in mice but only when competing with other microbes. In germ-free mice, MUL genes were required for A. muciniphila to repress genes important for #Cholesterol biosynthesis in the colon.
• [1.13] 
  - An abundance of #Fusobacterium is involved in promoting inflammation and increasing gut barrier permeability in metabolic disorders
• [1.14] [#Diabetes Type 2, #Irritable bowel syndrome] [#Ruminococcus gnavus] [#High fibre diet] 
  - fiber intervention significantly suppressed #Tryptamine and #Phenethylamine levels and abundances of R. gnavus in T2D subjects, revealing manipulation of gut microbiota-derived #Tryptamine and #Phenethylamine by dietary changes or prebiotics is a potential direction for managing metabolic syndrome and IBS.
• [#Diabetes Type 2] [#Blautia hansenii] - increased abundances of other #Tryptamine and #Phenethylamine producer B. hansenii in metabolic syndrome
• [#Ruminococcus gnavus] - R. gnavus has the strongest association with features of metabolic syndrome among 50 identified prevalent gut microbes in the species level
• [1.15] 
  - #Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 was disadvantageous for weight loss, while #Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 and #Ruminococcus 1 were advantageous for weight loss and change in waist circumference. - baseline abundance of this taxon was positively associated with DNAme in three metabolically relevant genes.
• [1.16] 
  -#Resveratrol > #Glucose and lipid homeostasis improvement and a reduction in fat mass, blood pressure, low-grade inflammation, and #Oxidative stress.
• [1.17] [#Obesity] 
  - Several genes that encode long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). One of these genes, called Snhg9, varied in abundance in animals depending on the presence or absence of gut microbiota mediated by immune effectors. - lncRNA interacted with and bound to cell cycle and apoptosis protein 2, which in turn bound to and inhibited #Sirtuin, a regulator of lipid metabolism. - High levels of Snhg9 seen in germ-free mice may be the reason that they stay slim, whereas animals with intact microbiota have lower levels of the lncRNA and are fatter.
• [1.18] [#Diabetes Type 2, #Obesity] 
  - #Irisin is involved in promoting the browning of white adipose tissue, the regulation of energy metabolism, and the improvement of insulin resistance.
• [1.19] 
  - #Xanthohumol (XN) and its derivatives mitigate diet-induced #Obesity-related characteristics of MetS in mice by improving impaired #Glucose and lipid metabolism
• - Some (e.g., #Hydrogenanaerobacterium) is associated with MetS.
• - #Psoriasis > #Balneotherapy and thermal water drinkin > increase in #Firmicutes bacterium CAG95 in gut, which was previously identified as the species with the highest association with metabolic health.
• [1.21] 
  - #Hippurate > protective against the metabolic syndrome
• [1.22] [#Diabetes Type 2] 
  - Host-accessible monosaccharides such as #Fructose, #Galactose, #Mannose and #Xylose were increased in people with Insulin Resistance and MetS. The excess monosaccharides could promote lipid accumulation and activate immune cells, leading to an increased pro-inflammatory cytokine response in the host.
• [1.23] 
  - #Bifidobacteria play a major role in carbohydrate metabolism. #Bifidobacteria have a technique known as the “bifidshunt”, which specifically targets the enzyme #Fructose-6-phosphoketolase. Reduction in #Bifidobacterium linked to metabolic dysfunction.
• [1.24] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] 
  - #Butyrate is the only SCFA that can bind to GPCR109a and regulate body energy expenditure to maintain metabolic homeostasis.
• [1.25] [#Diabetes Type 2] 
  - metabolic syndrome, which involves a number of factors including HTN, #Hyperlipidemia, #Obesity, and insulin resistance, is more frequently reported in patients with #Migraine
• [1.26] 
  - The higher DMI in stool #Bacteroidetes links traditional #Bacteroidetes/#Firmicutes ratio or enterotypes to new insights in the context of metabolic disorders.
• [1.27] 
  - #Parabacteroides, which possess physiological characteristics related to carbohydrate metabolism and the secretion of short-chain fatty acids, have recently been reported to be closely associated with host health, such as metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and #Obesity, as inflammatory mediators
• [1.28] [#Diabetes Type 2] 
  - #Phospholipids are implicated in the development of metabolic disease and critical modulators of insulin sensitivity.

References Notes