Berberine {90000242}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] [#CVD, #Dyslipidemia, #Postprandial lipidemia, #Diabetes Type 2] [#Probiotic] 
  - Prob+BBR superior to BBR or Prob alone in improving postprandial total cholesterol (pTC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (pLDLc) levels with decrement of multiple species of postprandial lipidomic metabolites after 3 months follow-up. - This effect was linked to the changes of fecal #Bifidobacterium breve level responding to BBR alone or Prob+BBR treatment. - Four fadD genes encoding long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase > identified in the genome of this B. breve strain, and transcriptionally activated by BBR. - The activation of fadD by BBR could enhance FFA import and mobilization in B. breve and diliminish the intraluminal lipids for absorption to mediate the effect of Prob+BBR on PL.
• [1.2] [#Clostridioides difficile] 
  - BBR has direct inhibitory effects on #Bacteria such as #Clostridium difficile, #Actinobacillus, and #Bacillus subtilis
• [#Anorexia nervosa] - BBR > decrease in #Ruminococcus gnavus and Ruminococcus schinkii and an increase in #Bacteroides were observed in normal mice after treatment with BBR
• - BBR is a natural compound with direct antibacterial effects
• [#Bile Acids] - BBR can cause an increase in serum BA, total BA, and primary BA content
• - BBR (32 μg/mL) can inhibit the growth of #Candida albicans by inhibiting biofilm formation
• [#Christensenellaceae, #Prevotellaceae] [#Short Chain Fatty Acid] - Berberine > the relative abundances of #Parabacteroides, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group increased, the relative abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group decreased, and cecal SCFA levels (#Acetic acid and #Propionic acid) were reduced.
• [#Diabetes Type 2] [#High Fat Diet] - The increase in #Fasting plasma #Glucose, #Fasting insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) caused by HFD feeding decreased after BBR treatmen
• [1.3] 
  - Berberine > The intestinal immune pathway of Immunoglobulin A production was activated, and the expression of TNFSF13B (Tumor necrosis factor superfamily 13b, encoding B lymphocyte Stimulator [BLyS]), the representative gene of this pathway, and the genes encoding its receptors, (interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor beta) were significantly upregulated.
• [#Colon adenomas, #Colorectal cancer] - The abundance of fecal #Veillonella parvula (V. parvula) decreased significantly after Berberine administration and increased through the development from CRA to CRC.
• [#Veillonella parvula] - Animal experiments revealed that V. parvula promoted colorectal carcinogenesis and increased B lymphocyte Stimulator levels, while Berberine reversed this effect.
• [1.4] [#Irritable bowel syndrome] [#Vitamin D] 
  - Berberine enhances intestinal mucosal barrier function of IBS-D rats by promoting VDR activity, and the main site of action is the N-terminal region of VDR.

References Notes