Disease ⇒ Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) {40000236} Record Keys Type:Disease Parent:[ ] Definition:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) Details Initialisation date:[ ] Other Terms:GDM Meta Information MedDra ID:10018209 MedDra Level:pt ICD:[ ] Category:[ ] Zone:[ ] Mechanism:[ ] Notes: [ ]Shared Reference Notes [1.1] - Gut microbiota, such as Ruminococcaceae, Parabacteroides distasonis, and Prevotella, were enriched in women with GDM. - - These microbiota populations are associated with metabolic pathways for carbohydrate metabolism and insulin signaling, suggesting a potential “gut microbiota signature” in women with GDM. - Elevated expression of serum #Zonulin, a marker of gut epithelial permeability, during early pregnancy in women with GDM indicates a possible link between gut microbiota and GDM. [1.2] - Metabolomics revealed elevated plasma #kynurenine at G15/19 in all mouse strains. - indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, or IDO1, the rate limiting enzyme for #kynurenine production, had increased intestinal expression at G15, which was associated with mild systemic and gut inflammation. - Pharmacologic and genetic inhibition of IDO1 inhibited #kynurenine levels and reversed pregnancy-associated Insulin Rsistance. [1.3] - GDM mycobiota > almost exclusively by the Ascomycota phylum. - Kluyveromyces, Metschnikowia, and Pichia showed a significantly higher frequency in GDM patients, while Saccharomyces , were more prevalent in controls. - From T2 to T3, a reduction in fungal alpha diversity was found in GDM patients, with an increase of the relative frequency of Candida, and the reduction of some pro-inflammatory taxa. [1.4] [1.5] [#Pregnancy] [#Branched-chain amino acids, #Short Chain Fatty Acid] In GDM: - Isobutyric, isovaleric, valeric, and hexanoic acids were significantly higher in the GDM. - #Isobutyric acid significantly correlated with urea and blood glucose at 1 and 2 hours after OGTT; fasting blood glucose, blood glucose at 2 hours after OGTT. - urea/creatinine ratio positively correlated with #Valeric acid. - blood glucose at 2 hours after OGTT positively correlated with #Caproic acid. - white blood cell count positively correlated with #Propionic acid. - Significantly elevated #Isobutyric acid and isovaleric acid in pregnant women with GDM may be associated with insulin resistance caused by BCFAs. [1.6] [#Diabetes Type 1] - The level of #Irisin was lower in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1/2 and gestational DM > may be related to the glycation effect of #Irisin caused by metabolic intermediatesReferences Notes[ ]
