Fructose {90000187}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - Maternal exposure to fructose > reduces the abundance of #Erysipelatoclostridium in the infant gut microbiome.
• - Fructose > adversely affects intestinal permeability > disrupts the maternal microbiome > altered offspring gut development. - Fructose > inhibit the growth of harmful flora and promote the growth of beneficial and neutral flora. ??
• [1.2] [#Diabetes Type 2] [#Alistipes indistinctus] 
  - Postprandial blood #Glucose levels were particularly reduced in mice administered with A. indistinctus, #Alistipes finegoldii and #Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron that were fed a high-fat diet. - Insulin tolerance tests also revealed that these strains ameliorated IR, most prominently by A. indistinctus administration. - A. indistinctus administration ameliorated body mass gain, ectopic triglyceride accumulation in the liver and #Glucose intolerance - Serum levels of HDL-C, adiponectin and, to a lesser extent, triglycerides, were also improved in mice that were treated with A. indistinctus. - carbohydrate oxidation was significantly reduced in mice that were treated with A. indistinctus, implying that carbohydrate use is limited. - A. indistinctus administration substantially altered caecal metabolites, characterized by a reduction in several carbohydrates including fructose, a lipogenic monosaccharide. - Fructose was similarly reduced in the serum - The AUC of insulin tolerance test was positively correlated with the caecal monosaccharides fructose, #Glucose and #Mannose
• [#Diabetes Type 2] - Fructose is a widely recognized risk factor for inflammation and Insulin Resistance due to its role in lipid accumulation
• [1.3] [#Carbohydrate diet] 
  - On a fructose-rich diet, mice lost beneficial bacteria such as #Prevotella, #Muribaculum, and #Bifidobacterium - These fructose-rich diet mice also showed an enrichment of #Desulfovibrio, #Collinsella, #Olsenella, and #Bacteroides as well as increased frequency of immune cells with pro-inflammatory characteristics
• [1.4] [#Lactobacillus rhamnosus] 
  - #Allobaculum was highly abundant in the control group as compared to the fructose group, and it tended to be more abundant in the L. rhamnosus M9 group.
• [#Bifidobacterium animalis lactis, #Lactobacillus rhamnosus] - #Alloprevotella, increased its abundance in the high-fructose treatment but decreased in both the treatment with B. lactis M8 and L. rhamnosus M9.
• [#Hypertension] [#Lactobacillus rhamnosus] - #Coprobacillus and #Butyricimonas, were both more abundant in the L. rhamnosus M9 group as compared to the fructose group, which suggests their roles in BP regulation.
• [1.5] [#Sugar] 
  - feeding dietary simple sugars like #Glucose and fructose would enhance the abundance of #Akkermansia.
• [#Depression, #Schizophrenia] [#Sugar] - Dietary sugars, like fructose and #Glucose, are associated with psychosis-related higher brain dysfunction
• [1.6] [#Diabetes Type 2, #Metabolic syndrome] 
  - Host-accessible monosaccharides such as fructose, #Galactose, #Mannose and #Xylose were increased in people with Insulin Resistance and MetS. The excess monosaccharides could promote lipid accumulation and activate immune cells, leading to an increased pro-inflammatory cytokine response in the host.
• [1.7] [#Metabolic syndrome] 
  - #Bifidobacteria play a major role in carbohydrate metabolism. #Bifidobacteria have a technique known as the “bifidshunt”, which specifically targets the enzyme fructose-6-phosphoketolase. Reduction in #Bifidobacterium linked to metabolic dysfunction.

References Notes