Glutamate {60000109}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
  - #5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid, #Alanine, glutamate and #Selenium > influence #Proteobacteria.
• [1.2] 
  - Elevated levels of #Glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (#GABA) and reduced glutamate were observed in the hippocampus of germ-free mice that received fecal transplants from schizophrenic mice and showed #Schizophrenia-like behaviors.
• [1.3] [#Celiac Disease, #Migraine] [#CGRP, #Serotonin] 
• [1.4] [#Autism] 
  - The depletion of #Bifidobacterium species has been reported widely in ASD. - #Bifidobacteria are SCFA producers, and “psychobiotics” , and they modulate the gut–brain signals via γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate metabolism. - #Bifidobacterium have been reported to improve behavior and prevent #Depression-like behaviors in mice.
• [1.5] [#Parkinson’s Disease] 
  - In the PD metagenome, we noted a decrease in glutamate/glutamine synthesis gene-families and pathways, and a concomitant increase in both glutamate and #GABA degradation.
• [1.6] [#Depression] 
  - Glutamate levels in plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue have been associated with mood and psychotic disorders and suicide.

References Notes