Lithocholic acid {90000159}
| Biotic: | Lithocholic acid |
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| Parent: | [ ] |
| Queue: | [ ] |
| Initialisation date: | 2021-05-03 |
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| Specification: | |
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| Source: | |
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| Structural Type: | [ ] |
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| Functional Type: | Cytokine |
| Function: | Anti-cancer, Oncogenesis |
Notes:
- Lithocholic acid (LCA) is one of the most toxic secondary bile acids produced in the intestine, and the elevated levels of LCA induce cholestatic liver damage in rodents.
Shared Notes
- [1.2]
- Lithocholic acid can inhibit BC progression, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis via activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and other proteins involved in the antioxidant defense system. - [1.3]
- Bile acid > gut-residing bacteria produce metabolite 3-oxolithocholic acid (3-oxoLCA) > inhibits TH17 (inhibitory) cell differentiation.
- Secondary bile acid lithocholic acid > gut bacteria > 3-oxoLCA as well as the abundant gut metabolite isolithocholic acid (isoLCA).
- IsoLCA suppressed TH17 differentiation by inhibiting RORγt (retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor γt), a key TH17 cell-promoting transcription factor.
- Levels of both 3-oxoLCA and isoLCA and the 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSDH) genes required for their biosynthesis were significantly reduced in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).
- levels of these bile acids were inversely correlated with expression of TH17 cell-associated genes.
- bacterially produced TH17 cell-inhibitory bile acids may reduce the risk of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders such as IBD - [1.1]
- Butyrate producing bacteria such as Eubacterium spp. are capable of transforming primary BAs to secondary BAs such as: lithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid, which are potentially cytotoxic and have been linked to colorectal cancer and cholesterol GS formation.