Indole-3-acetic acid {90000173}

Record Keys


Parent:[  ]
Definition:
Indole-3-acetic acid
Queue:[  ]

Details


Initialisation date:[  ]
Specification:

Tryptophan Metabolite, IAA

Source:
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Meta Information


Structural Type:
Amino acid
Functional Type:[  ]
Function:[  ]

Notes:


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Shared Reference Notes


  • [1.1] [#Diabetes Type 2
    - Among obese individuals with at least 1 comorbidity the production of indole, IPA, indole 3-acetic acid, and indole 3-carboxaldehyde is decreased versus lean individuals, suggesting that a change in meta-organismal tryptophan metabolism may occur prior to T2DM onset and thus may contribute to its development.
  • [1.2] [#Indole-3-propionic acid, #Tryptophan
    - TRP > utilized by the intestinal flora in the intestinal tract and metabolized into ligand molecules indole, indole propionic acid, indole acetic acid, #Skatole, and #Tryptamine > action on of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR).
  • [1.3] [#Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
    - In Neutrophil-predominant COPD altered #Tryptophan metabolism in airway #Lactobacilli is associated with reduced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which was in turn linked to perturbed host interleukin-22 signalling and epithelial cell apoptosis pathways. - airway microbiome-derived IAA mitigates neutrophilic inflammation, apoptosis, emphysema and lung function decline, via macrophage–epithelial cell cross-talk mediated by interleukin-22. - Intranasal inoculation of two airway #Lactobacilli restored IAA and recapitulated its protective effects in mice.
  • [1.4] [#Indole-3-acetamide (IAM), #Indole-3-aldehyde, #Indole-3-lactic acid, #Indole-3-propionic acid, #Indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA), #Indoleacrylic acid (IA)
    - For AhR, the most effective Trp metabolites are #Indole, #Skatole, IA, #Tryptamine, IPyA and #Indole-3-acetamide (IAM), whereas IAA, IAID, IPA and ILA are the least active
  • [#Inflamatory bowel disease] - IBD patients have reduced fecal concentrations of the AhR agonist IAA.
  • [1.5] [#Pancreatic Cancer
    Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) > chemotherapy > microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolite indole-3-acetic acid (3-IAA) is enriched in patients who respond to treatment. - Faecal microbiota transplantation, short-term dietary manipulation of tryptophan and oral 3-IAA administration increase the efficacy of chemotherapy in humanized gnotobiotic mouse models of PDAC. - In humans > a significant correlation between the levels of 3-IAA and the efficacy of therapy in two independent PDAC cohorts. - Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) > #Bacteroides fragilis and #Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron produced 3-IAA in vitro were increased in Responder patients.
  • [1.6] [#Indole-3-propionic acid
    - The GM metabolism of #Tryptophan also leads to the production of six neuroactive compounds altogether called TRYP-6 affecting the Gut-Brain Axis (GBA). - These six metabolites include indole-3-acetic acid, quinolinate, #kynurenine, indole, #Tryptamine and indole propionic acid
  • [1.7] [#Pyruvic acids
    - #AHR, especially in barrier tissues of the respiratory and gastrointestinal, can also be activated by dietary and microbial indole-derived metabolites such as pyruvic acid (IPyA), indole acetic acid (IAA), #Indoxyl-3-sulfate, #Indole-3-carbinole (I3C), and 3,3′-di-indolylmethane (DIM).
  • [1.8
    - indole-3-acetic acid significantly amplified inflammatory response and cellular damage via Tlr2/NF-κB pathway and caused ileac dysbiosis.
  • [1.9
    - #Lactobacillus can use #Tryptophan instead of #Glucose as a source of energy, and produce #AHR ligands such as #Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), #Tryptamine (TA) and 3-methyl #Indole
  • - #Blastocystis ST4 expresses the gene product of #Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase - This specific gene product potentially plays a role in the degradation of I3AA to IAA.
  • [#Indole-3-acetaldehyde] -I3AA may serve as a substrate for the synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and indole-3-aldehyde (IAld).

References Notes


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Common References


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