Giardia ⇒ Blastocystis {10001411}

Record Keys


Parent:
Definition:
Blastocystis

Details


Initialisation date:[  ]

Meta Information


Rank:
 Species
Domain:
Protozoa
Zone:[  ]
Enzyme:[  ]
Function:[  ]

Notes:


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Shared Reference Notes


  • [1.1] [#Spondyloarthritis
    - SpA patients colonized by Blastocystis showed significant increases in the phylum Pseudomonadota, class #Gammaproteobacteria, family #Succinivibrionaceae, and genus #Succinivibrio.
  • [1.2] [#Inflamatory bowel disease
    - infections with parasites like #Strongyloides stercoralis and Blastocystis have been shown to mimic the symptoms of IBD, highlighting the intricate relationship between parasites and the pathogenesis of these diseases.
  • [1.3] [#Indole-3-acetic acid
    - Blastocystis ST4 expresses the gene product of #Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase - This specific gene product potentially plays a role in the degradation of I3AA to IAA.
  • [#Indole-3-acetaldehyde] - Blastocystis ST7 on the microbiome may lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of bacterial communities in clearing I3AA in the gut environment. - I3AA produced by Blastocystis ST7 per se constitutes a pathogenic trait of this particular ST. - the preexisting and post-infection status of the microbiome in the context of processes targeting I3AA as a substrate for further metabolism might determine pathological outcome of this protist infection.
  • [#Inflamatory bowel disease] - protist Blastocystis ST7 in a mouse model are associated with reduction of anti-inflammatory Treg cells and simultaneous expansion of pro-inflammatory Th17 responders. These alterations in CD4+ T cells depended on the #Tryptophan metabolite #Indole-3-acetaldehyde (I3AA) produced by this single-cell eukaryote. - I3AA reduced the Treg subset in vivo and iTreg development in vitro by modifying their sensing of TGFβ, concomitantly affecting recognition of self-flora antigens by conventional CD4+ T cells. - Parasite-derived I3AA also induces over-exuberant TCR signaling, manifested by increased CD69 expression and downregulation of co-inhibitor PD-1.

References Notes


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