Oxygen {51111343} Record Keys Definition:Oxygen Queue:[ ] Details Initialisation date:2022-08-25 Specification: [ ] Meta Information Type:Environment Host: Human Zone:[ ] Notes: Extremely oxygen sensitive (EOS) MicrobiotaShared Reference Notes [1.1] - GutAlive maintained extremely oxygen sensitive (EOS) populations that were lost in conventional stool containers, and thus viability of species such as as #Akkermansia muciniphila, #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and a novel member of the #Clostridiales order was kept. [1.2] [#Candida albicans] - the presence of C. albicans alters the bacterial microbiota, leading to the presence of strictly anaerobic bacteria when oxygen is abundant. [1.3] - Oxygen radicals might be produced through the cascade of #Homocysteine metabolism causing endothelial cell damage, and #Homocysteine could activate matrix metaroproteinase-9, a membrane disrupting agent, leading to a direct influence on the cell membrane. - about 25% of systemic circulating #Homocysteine is produced by intestinal mucosal cells [1.4] - Lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the cell membranes has been recognized as the major mechanism of tissue impairment due to #Oxidative stress. - #Malondialdehyde is an end-product of LPO, which is an indicator of tissue injury mediated by free oxygen radicals. - Lipid peroxidation is more important than protein peroxidation in the pathogenesis of #Melasma. [1.5] - #Hydrogen sulfide may suppress the oxygen-dependent metabolism of some pathogens - #Taurinivorans muris has a protective role against #Klebsiella and #Salmonella, two important gut pathogens. [1.6] - During the state of ischemia, the absence of oxygen induces a reduction in mitochondrial respiration and a rise in the accumulation of #Succinate. [1.7] [#Colitis] [#Para-cresol] - When p-cresol presents in excess in colonocytes, it inhibits mitochondrial oxygen consumption and consequently reduces cell proliferation. - when colonocytes were treated with p-cresol, anion superoxide production and DNA-double strand break were increased; thus, p-cresol is genotoxic. [1.8] [#Plant Microbiome] - to the presence of oxygen in the newborn gut,Citation37 facultative anaerobic #Gammaproteobacteria i.e., #Pantoea, #Erwinia, and #Acinetobacter which originate from fruit and vegetables can colonize in the gut of #Infants during the early weaning period. [#Infants] - due to the reduced oxygen concentration,Citation38 anaerobic #Bacteria, i.e., Lentilactobacillus and #Lactobacillus, emerge during the 8th to 12th month. [1.9] [#Intermittent Hypoxia] - IH affects the arterial partial pressure of oxygen, which could result in a hypoxia/reoxygenation pattern within the gutReferences Notes[ ]
