Disease ⇒ Gout {40000127}

Shared Reference Notes

• [1.1] 
• [1.2] [#Butyrate] 
• [1.3] [#Uric acid] [#Antibiotic Therapy] 
  - Ablation of the microbiota in uricase-deficient mice causes severe #Hyperuricemia - anaerobe-targeted antibiotics increase the risk of gout in humans.
• [#Xanthine] - #Uric acid elimination is facilitated by the enzyme uricase. - Human uricase is a pseudogene, having been inactivated early in hominid evolution. - anaerobic #Uric acid metabolism is widespread among members of the human gut.
• [1.4] 
  - increased abundance of the phylum #Actinobacteria in gout patients - the abundance of phylum #Actinobacteria is negatively correlated with SUA levels.
• - elevated SUA levels can also increase the abundance of phylum #Actinobacteria, suggesting a potential negative feedback and regulatory mechanism between phylum #Actinobacteria and SUA levels.
• - SUA levels and gout simultaneously affect the abundance of the genus #Faecalibacterium and #Prevotella. - gout patients had lower levels of the genus #Faecalibacterium compared to healthy individuals. - negative association between SUA levels and #Faecalibacterium abundance. - SUA levels are a risk factor for the increased abundance of genus Prevotella9
• [1.5] 
• [1.6] 
  - Altered compositions of microbiota, characterized by a reduced abundance of genus #Coprococcus, were found in subjects with #Hyperuricemia compared with those with normouricemia.
• [1.7] [#Hyperuricemia] 
  - #Escherichia-#Shigella exhibited a positive association with SU levels, while #Lachnospiraceae NC2004 group and Family XIII AD3011 group were associated with a reduced HUA risk.
• - Gout > #Coprococcus 3 was causally associated with a higher gout risk.
• [1.8] 
  - In gout, #Bacteroides caccae and #Bacteroides xylanisolvens are enriched. - #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and #Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum depleted. - The established reference microbial gene catalogue for gout revealed disorder in purine degradation and #Butyric acid biosynthesis in gout patients. - Intestinal microbiota of gout are more similar to those of type-2 diabetes than to liver cirrhosis, whereas depletion of #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and reduced butyrate biosynthesis are shared in each of the metabolic syndromes. - #Bacteroides caccae is one biomarker of IBD. OmpW protein produced by B. caccae is a target of the IBD-associated immune response, thus the enriched intestinal B. caccae in gout patients could potentially induce serious inflammatory response. - #Faecalibacterium prausnitzii has anti-inflammatory properties and contribute to gut health through butyrate production. for gout patients, potentially explaining the decline in #Butyric acid biosynthesis in gout patients.

References Notes