Polyphenols ⇒ Curcumin {90000371} Record Keys Parent:Polyphenols Definition:Curcumin Queue:[ ] Details Initialisation date:[ ] Specification: [ ]Source: [ ] Meta Information Structural Type:[ ] Functional Type:[ ] Function:[ ] Notes: Curcumin can significantly improve the abundance of Bifidobacteria, Lactobacilli, and butyrate-producing bacteria. It reduces the proliferation of Enterococci, Coriobacterales, and Enterobacteria and promotes the integrity of the intestinal barrier.Shared Reference Notes [1.1] [#Polyphenols] - #Blautia sp. MRG-PMF1 metabolizes curcumin to produce demethylcurcumin and bisdemethylcurcumin through a demethylation reaction. [1.2] [#Mild Cognitive Impairment] [#Bile Acids] [#Mediterranean Ketogen Diet] - MCI individuals with curcumin in their diet had lower levels of #Bile Salt hydrolase-containing microbes and an altered bile acid pool, suggesting reduced gut motility. [1.3] - Curcumin therapy enhanced Th2 and Treg cell secretion of IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β although considerably decreasing IFN-γ and TNF-α. Curcumin-induced Th2 and Treg cell cytokine production and transcription factor gene expression (IL-13, GATA3, STAT6 and IL-35, CTLA4, Foxp3) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-27, IL-33). [#Multiple Sclerosis] - both low and high doses of Curcumin decreased the progression of EAE. [1.4] - #Capsaicin, curcumin, and #Anthocyanins for instance, have shown to attenuate macrophage migration, in part by suppressing MCP-1 expression [#Colitis, #Inflamatory bowel disease] - curcumin appears to promote colonic Treg cell expansion while decreasing the counts of inflammatory DCs; inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines’ secretion, T cell infiltration and NF-kB activation, as well as to suppress macrophage activation and regulate M1/M2 polarization - Curcumin has also displayed relevant suppressive effects on NF-kB signaling in immune cells, leading to a reduction in iNOS expression by macrophages and DCs, as well as neutrophils - curcumin has shown to induce human T cell death through increased expression of ER stress-related transcriptional factors - Inhibition of Th17 cells’ differentiation by curcumin further entails down-regulating #IL-6 and IL-21 as well as STAT3 phosphorylation [#Multiple Sclerosis] [#Epigallocatechin gallate, #Hesperidin ] - EGCG, curcumin and hesperidin > attenuate EAE clinical severity or inhibit its development by reducing immune cell infiltration. - The latter two also seem to impact the Th17/Treg balance in EAE animals, promoting Treg cell expansion and Th17 suppression in the spleen, lymph nodes and the CNS, accompanied by repressed pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion [#Parkinson’s Disease] [#Alpha-synuclein] - Curcumin has further demonstrated protective effects against neurodegeneration in the A57Tα-synuclein model of PD by downregulating mTOR/p70S6 kinase (P70S6K) signaling and recovering macro autophagy [#Stroke] - both curcumin and #Baicalein appeared to ameliorate ischemic brain damage a by modulating microglia polarization and suppressing TLR4 and NF-kB signaling.References Notes[ ]
