Polyamine {60000059} Record Keys Parent:[ ] Definition:Polyamine Queue:[ ] Details Initialisation date:2020-09-22 Specification: [ ]Source: [ ] Meta Information Structural Type:[ ] Functional Type:[ ] Function:Enhancing bone tissue Notes: - Polyamine improve bone tissue upkeep (1)Shared Reference Notes [1.1] [#Colorectal cancer] - Polyamines can feed #Cancer cells for growth and any polyamines, regardless of their sources (i.e., dietary, microbial, and tissues) can drive tumorigenesis. - Tumor cells require more polyamines for growth than healthy cells - #Cancer patients have increased polyamine levels in the blood and urine. - Polyamine concentrations appear to be increased in CRC tissues compared to healthy tissues. - Amino acids that reach the colon are converted by the microbiome to polyamines or #Indole derivates. - The most common polyamines are #Putrescine, #Spermidine, and #Spermine, which play important roles in cell growth, proliferation, and migration. [1.2] - higher tissue polyamine levels have been reported in various diseases like #Dementia due to #Alzheimer’s disease (AD), #Parkinson’s Disease, #Cancer, and mental disorders like #Depression. [#Alzheimer’s disease] - Urinary polyamine levels in AD patients were significantly elevated compared to healthy individuals. [1.3] [#Colitis] - macrophages produce large amounts of the polyamines spermidine and #Spermine via the mTORC1 signaling pathway. - These polyamines were taken up by the epithelial cells, leading to a switch in their cell metabolism, promoting their proliferation and strengthening their defense mechanisms. - #Spermine in particular had a major stimulatory effect on the proliferation of colon cells. I - this mTORC1 activation and polyamine production had a protective effect against inflammatory bowel injury in animal models. - Polyamines especially spermidine have been heavily researched for some time as studies show that these substances can prolong life and slow down the aging process. References Notes[ ]
