Carnitine ⇒ γ-butyrobetaine {90000216}
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| Definition: | γ-butyrobetaine |
| Queue: | [ ] |
| Initialisation date: | 2021-12-30 |
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| Specification: | |
Precursor of TMA | |
| Source: | |
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| Structural Type: | [ ] |
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| Functional Type: | [ ] |
| Function: | Building cholesterol plaques |
Notes:
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Shared Reference Notes
- [1.1]
- #Meat-based diet > L-carnitine > Gut microbial transformation >intermediate γ-butyrobetaine (γBB) > trimethylamine (TMA) > TMAO - Plasma γBB levels in individuals > strongly associated with incident #CVD event risks. - #Emergencia timonensis > metabolize γBB into TMA > complete the carnitine → γBB → TMA transformation > elevate TMAO levels > enhance thrombosis - [1.2] [#Atherosclerosis, #Hearth attack] [#Carnitine, #Crotonobetaine, #TMAO] [#Meat-based diet]
- [1.3] [#Chronic fatigue syndrome]
- Decreased γ-butyrobetaine correlated with increased #Faecalibacterium. - [#Chronic fatigue syndrome] [#Indole-3-lactic acid] - Indole-3-lactate and γ-butyrobetaine were also reduced in the all ME/CFS group but were not amongst the top 10 plasma biomarkers.
References Notes
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