oxalate {90000212} Record Keys Parent:[ ] Definition:oxalate Queue:[ ] Details Initialisation date:2021-12-14 Specification: [ ]Source: [ ] Meta Information Structural Type:Inorganic Functional Type:[ ] Function:[ ] Notes: [ ]Shared Reference Notes [1.1] [#Osteoporosis] - #Antibiotic Therapy with Broad-spectrum beta-lactam, amoxicillin > greater abundance of oxalate-degradation genes present in the gut microbiome post-antibiotic treatment > A reduction in levels of oxalate, a major calcium-binding anion in the intestinal lumen > facilitate a greater availability and absorption of calcium from the intestines > enhancing bone mineralisation > increase in Bone Mineral Density [1.2] [#Urinary stone disease] [#Antibiotic Therapy] - antibiotics cause a rapid loss of gut microbial oxalate metabolism, and while disturbed bacteria can partially recover over time, the ability to metabolize oxalate does not. - This results in the accumulation of oxalates in the body and increases the risk of kidney stones. [1.3] - #Oxalobacter formigenes, consume oxalate in the gut and limit #Kidney stone formation. [1.4] [#Kidney stone] - #Desulfovibrio enriched in Nephrolithiasis > The intestinal oxalate-#Sulfate antiporter (SAT-1) has been implicated in human CaOx nephrolithiasis; as #Sulfate-reducing bacteria, #Desulfovibrio spp. may reduce the bioavailability of the influx substrate leading to greater plasma oxalate levels, as is observed in cohorts with #Autism. [#Kidney stone] - #Butyrate enhances tight junction assembly, preventing intestinal permeability and potentially decreasing passive paracellular oxalate uptake . - It may also have a role in active transcellular uptake mechanisms by modulating the expression of the oxalate transporter SLC26A6, and even decreasing crystal formation in the kidney through immune modulation [1.5] [#Kidney stone, #Urinary stone disease, #Urolithiasis] - no differences in the abundance of genes associated with known oxalate degradation pathways, supporting the notion that dysfunction in other metabolic pathways plays a role in KSD. - KSD > decreased abundance of key enzymes involved in #Butyrate biosynthesis in patient intestinal microbiomes. References Notes[ ]
