p-cresol {90000126}

Notes:

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[1.1]
- Bacterial fermentation metabolite of tyrosine - Induction of inflammatory reactions and renal and cardiovascular impairment
[1.2] [#Autism]
- The microbial metabolite p-Cresol induces selectively ASD core behavioral symptoms in mice. - Social behavior deficits induced by p-Cresol are dependant on changes in microbiota composition.
[1.3]
- p-cresol derivatives and the tryptophan breakdown product #Indolepropionate, associated with the gut microbiome.
[1.4] [#Autism]
[1.5]
- #TMAO is the hepatic oxidation product of the microbial trimethylamine (#TMA). - dietary supplementation with #TMAO was shown to promote atherogenesis and development of #Atherosclerosis in mice. - #TMAO levels associate with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. - Carotid #Atherosclerosis was demonstrated to be associated with gut microbial metabolites (especially #TMAO and p-cresol sulfate) in >3,000 patients, which could serve as an independent predictor of the disease.
[#Diabetes Type 2] - p-cresol was shown to have the potential to induce diabetes, with mice given p-cresol sulfate for four consecutive weeks showing an insulin-resistant phenotype.
[1.6]
- Free #Phenol and p-cresol, most notably produced by Clostridium dificile, are the metabolic products of aromatic amino acids and are the biomarkers of a disturbed gut.

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